Distance between buildings on the site

An important issue, ignorance of which often leads to conflict situations, is still the distance between buildings on the IZhS and SNT sections. Before constructing any building, you should familiarize yourself with the main documents that have legal authority and in the future be strictly guided by them.

Rules for building a personal plot

The use of land plots for individual housing construction or on the territories of a garden non-profit partnership implies compliance with the established sanitary and fire safety standards, as well as several regulations, for greater convenience, collected in SNiPs.

Consequences of non-compliance

If the rules, which stipulate the distance between buildings or structures of a different nature, are clearly ignored, the violators will face serious administrative fines. And also the owner of a private territory can part with a part of his funds, because state bodies have the right to demand the demolition of a building in case of its wrong location.

Basic regulatory documents for IZHS and SNT sites

Before starting building a plot for individual housing construction, you should familiarize yourself with such a regulatory and regulatory document as SNiP 31-02-2001. This system was named "Single-family residential houses" and entered into force on January 1, 2002. To this day, SNiP 31-02-2001 is still relevant, since more modern documents have not been drawn up, with the exception of some amendments made on May 26, 2004.

For sites on the territory of SNT, several other norms are provided, namely:

1. Modern SP 53.13330.2011, which has become an updated version of the outdated SNiP 02/30/97.
2. Federal Law No. 217-FZ. Law No. 66 became invalid on 01.01.2019 in connection with the publication of the new Federal Law of 29.07.2017 N217-FZ "On the conduct of gardening and horticulture by citizens for their own needs."

The set of rules 53.13330.2011 "Planning and development of territories of horticultural (summer cottage) associations of citizens, buildings and structures" entered into force on May 20, 2011. Federal Law No. 66 "On horticultural, vegetable gardening and dacha non-profit associations of citizens" is more versatile, but it has a list of basic concepts when building SNT, therefore it requires additional clarification by other SNiPs or documents, up to narrowly focused orders of local authorities.

Also important is a document relating to both the development of individual housing construction sites and SNT: SNiP 2.07.01-89, registered by Rosstandart as SP 42.13330.2010. The name of SNiP has not changed: “Urban planning. Planning and development of urban and rural settlements. "

How to correctly measure the distance between buildings

Before you find out the norms of the relevant documents, you need to understand the correct measurement of the sections between buildings and buildings. Clause 6.7 SP 53.13330.2011 regulates the subtleties of this procedure.

The distance from one building to another, or from a building to the border of an adjacent site, is measured from the basement, if any part of it protrudes above the ground. In the case of a strong deepening of the basement, all measurements are taken from the wall of the building.

Important! Measurements from walls can only be performed if there are no excessively (more than 50 cm) protruding parts of the building. For example, if the roof overhang is too long, the distance should be measured not from the wall of the house, but from the vertical projection of the canopy.

Another important point: if a house with a sloping roof is being built at a distance of less than one meter from a neighboring plot, then it is necessary to design a high-quality rainwater drain so that it does not fall on the neighbors' ground, but this will be discussed in more detail later in the article.

Fire safety

Strict adherence to fire safety standards is an important criterion for any construction on a land plot, and the distance between residential buildings or utility buildings plays a decisive role in this.

There is no important information in SNiP 31-02-2001, only a prerequisite for the next regulatory document, namely SNiP 2. 07.01.

SNiP 2.07.01 answers the question about the distance between buildings in an accessible and understandable way with Appendix No. 1 "Fire requirements", among the points of which the following are most important:

• The permissible distance between houses of I or II degree of fire resistance (almost all residential buildings, the height of which does not exceed 3 floors) is 6 m. This segment can be reduced, but only if the wall of a higher building is made of fire-fighting materials.
• The distance from the building of I or II degree of fire resistance of one land plot to the building of I or II degree of fire resistance of a neighboring land plot must be at least 6 meters. If the degree of fire resistance is III, then the distance increases to 8 meters. About the fences between the buildings, SNiP is not specified.
  

  Fire safety rules for building on the site

• Both between residential and outbuildings within the same land plot, the distance is not standardized.
• And also the distance between sheds, garages and saunas located outside the site is not standardized by regulatory documents, but only if the total area of ​​the built-up land plot does not exceed 800 m².

For the rest, SNiP 2.07.01 does not have useful information related to the sections and distances between buildings.

Fire protection distances according to SP 53.13330.2011

The topic of fire safety (and other useful information: territory, borders, a list of basic SNT documents) is much more deeply covered in the set of rules 53.13330.2011, namely in the table following clause 6.5:

Fire clearances between buildings

It should be clarified that the data in the table refer only to buildings located on different land plots. Fire-prevention distances between buildings and structures on the same site are not standardized in any way.

Sanitary and living conditions

A separate item in SNiPs: the distance between buildings in accordance with sanitary and household rules. The information in this section is slightly different from the PB item.

Clause 6.7 of rules 53.13330.2011 indicates a clear distance from various buildings to the line of an adjacent site, namely:

• From a residential building, regardless of its number of storeys - at least 3 meters.
• From small buildings of a small economic nature, for example, a shed for keeping poultry - at least 4 m.
• Household premises, as well as buildings of any other type - 1 m.

One should not forget about the norms for planting trees and shrubs, because according to the same paragraph, from the trunk of a tall tree to the border of a neighboring plot, it should be 4 m, medium in height - at least 2 m, and any shrubs are allowed to be planted on a segment of 1m.

Important! When adding a garage or a shed for breeding poultry to a house, the distance from the house itself to the neighboring land plot must be at least 3 meters, from the garage - at least 1 m, and from the shed - 4 m.This condition should be especially taken into account. at the stage of designing buildings on their territory.

If the fire safety standards for the distance between buildings on their site did not regulate in any way, then sanitary facilities require several other sections between buildings from land owners in SNT.

1. From a residential building to a separately located (not adjacent to the house itself) shower or bath - 8 m.
2. From a residential building to a toilet - 8 m.
3. From a well or a well to a toilet - 8 m. The same distance to a compost pit or septic tank.

When building a garage or a small shed for poultry to the house, the distance from the house to the neighboring plot of land must be at least 3 meters, from the garage - 1 m, and from the shed - 4 m.

Sanitary and household standards do not particularly affect the location of garages, and clause 6.11 indicates that structures for parking and storing cars can be made both free-standing and built-in or attached to any type of building.

Engineering requirements

Engineering arrangement of a land plot implies the installation of a properly designed water supply system for both drinking and household needs. Engineering codes also cover such important life points as sewage disposal designs. For example, the total sewage drain in the SNT, if any, should be located at least 20 m from residential buildings.

There must be at least 4 meters between the house and the septic tank

A separate item is the correct placement of heating devices and heating devices. Often, gas systems are installed in residential buildings on the territory of SNT, based on the use of gas cylinders. Cylinders with a volume of 12 liters or more must be installed in separate annexes (in case of an explosion) made of non-combustible material. If there is no possibility of building such a building, then the standards allow the operation of the cylinder in a metal box located at a distance of at least 5 m from the entrance door to a residential building.

Drainage of rainwater into neighbors, for example due to a roof slope that is too wide, can lead to legal proceedings. To exclude such a situation, the distance from the horizontal projection of the roof to the adjacent section should be set at least 1 m. In case of any peculiarities and the impossibility of such observance of the distance, it is necessary to design a reliable drainage system.

What should be the distance from buildings to the street

If, if the distances between the buildings of neighboring land plots are not observed, one can get off with only an administrative fine, then the incorrect distance between the public area and private buildings may well lead to the demolition of the building. In this case, the owner of the site is responsible not only for violating the letter of the law, but also for ignoring safety rules.

Distance from home to street

The building of a residential nature must be located at least 5 meters from the street line. If there is a passage nearby, this distance is reduced to 3. The distance from the farm building (barn, house for poultry or small livestock, bathhouse) to the red line of the street or crossing is at least 5 meters.

In order to find out the location of the lines of streets or driveways, they look at a plan or map of the area, which must be managed by SNT.

Several lines in SNiP describe the placement of a place for a car: a garage or a carport for a vehicle can be installed from the side of the street or driveway. But before carrying out such a construction, it should be approved and assured with the SNT board.

About general buildings and fences

Before building a new structure on your territory, in order to avoid such a common mistake as "the number of buildings in excess", you should familiarize yourself with clause 6.11 of SP 53.13330.2011:

The average territory of the SNT land plot can range from 0.06 to 0.12 hectares. At the same time, it is allowed to build structures on this site in an amount of no more than 30% of the total area. In this case, the concept of structures also includes paths and areas with a hard surface, such as concrete, brick or decorative stone.

Often, conflict situations between neighbors arise after the installation of fences, and this is due to the seizure of a small (or, conversely, a fairly extensive) piece of someone else's territory.To avoid such problems, you should refer to the guidance documentation or consult the SNT management before installing or moving the fence.

Some distances from buildings and vegetation to the fence

Clause 6.2 SP 53.13330.2011 advises SNT landowners to install mesh fences on their plots and only with an agreement with neighbors (carried out in advance and certified in writing) is it allowed to erect more serious and massive protective frames.

If the distance between the buildings and the fence is observed, it is necessary to take the information from table No. 2, which is shown in the paragraph "Fire distances". Fencing structures are placed at a distance of 10, 12 and 15 m from other buildings, depending on the material from which they are made. There is no more information about fences and barriers in other regulatory sources.