Types of fences for private houses

When thinking about what to build a fence from, first of all, decide on the most important characteristic for you. For example, if a fence is to cover the yard from prying eyes, wrought iron or sparse wood will no longer work. If reliability is first of all important to you, then wooden ones disappear. If the budget is very limited, then you will need to choose from the most inexpensive materials, and this is wood, corrugated board and slate. Further, fences and barriers for the house are chosen from the remaining options for aesthetic or practical reasons.

Distances from the fence to plants recommended by SNiP

Legal requirements

The device of fences and barriers in Russia is regulated by a number of regulatory documents: these are SNiPs 30-02-97 and 31-02-2001, SN 30-102-99, 441-72, Federal Law 66-F3. Some of the recommendations regarding the location of a private house and plantings on your site are advisory in nature, those that relate to interaction with neighbors are mandatory.

So between adjacent areas, the fence should be no higher than 1.5 meters, and it should be transparent or translucent. Those fences that face the street can be opaque and have a height of 1.5 to 2.5 meters. If the number of storeys in the building is 3 or more, higher fences can be built in agreement with the local authorities and neighbors.

One of the criteria for choosing a fence is the style of the house and the site

Types of fences for private houses: description and photo

First, let's talk about the quality of the material. Regardless of which type of fence you choose, you need to buy the best quality materials. After all, it will be operated in the most severe conditions. If you simultaneously revet the house and the fence with the same material, from the same batch, in a couple of years the house will be like new, and the fence can turn into a destructive structure. This is because it is exposed to weather influences from all sides.

In order to somehow minimize the destructive effect, cover covers are desirable on all horizontal surfaces - pillars and the upper parts of the sections, which drain sediments and prevent moisture from absorbing. And in order to extend the life of the fence, they take the densest and highest quality materials and be sure to cover them with a good protective compound that will repel moisture, preventing destruction. This measure is especially relevant in the spring-autumn period, when wet weather during the day gives way to night frosts.

Fences and fences for the home need protection from precipitation

Wooden fences

In most of our country, timber is a relatively inexpensive building material. Therefore, wooden fences are considered inexpensive. They can be translucent (boards are nailed at some distance) and deaf. Supports are made from a bar, a small diameter log or a metal pipe of round and square cross-section. They can be on a foundation or not.

Advantages: it is quickly built, combines well and easily interacts with all other materials, solid fences protect from wind, dirt, prying eyes. The disadvantages are equally serious. Firstly, a wooden fence requires regular renewal of the paintwork (once every 1-3 years, depending on the type of paintwork). Secondly, they have a small service life of the order of 5-7 years. Another drawback: it is easy to damage it: break it, set it on fire, saw it through, chop it up. However, this is a good option, but not if you need to defend against intrusion.

Wooden fences are also different:

• Boardwalk. Boards are packed close to one another, in a checkerboard pattern, with an approach to the one below (according to the bump principle). Can be placed vertically or horizontally. There are many options for a board fence. There are very simple ones, there are very beautiful ones.

  

  With this installation, the water will drain and the fence will last longer, especially since the tops are covered with visors

  

  Another option for a fence made of boards curved between the supports, but this time the boards are placed vertically

  

  A beautiful wooden fence consists of assembled shields with a complex geometric pattern

  

  Board fence: the boards are curved between the posts - beautiful and reliable

• Palisade. A fence made of small diameter logs arranged vertically. The tops are often sharpened at an angle of 30 ° or 45 °, sometimes flat. In any case, this is a reliable structure.
  

  Palisade - logs standing upright

• From logs. Logs are also used during construction, but they are not placed, but laid horizontally. For connection, a bar with quarters taken out is used, and the edges of the log are rounded so that they fit into a quarter. A log fence, like a palisade, is an expensive pleasure that requires no less expensive maintenance: to maintain a presentable appearance, regular painting is necessary.
  

  From logs - reliable and expensive

• Fence. Relatively low fences consist of vertical planks stuffed to the crossbars fixed to the posts. It is more of a decorative fence than a real defense against any serious encroachment. Can protect your site from some animals, but not from humans. Often used for the construction of internal fences - you can fence off a playground, vegetable garden or garden.
  

  A picket fence is an option rather for a garden or internal fences

• Wattle. The cheapest possible option - if there is a forest nearby, you can cut young trees and weave a fence while they are not dry. If you make sufficiently strong and reliable posts, for example, metal pipes, then the fence will turn out to be quite reliable. It, of course, can be broken, but correctly woven, it is in no way inferior in strength to a picket fence, and in some cases to a board.
  

  Wattle is one of the cheapest fences, especially if young shoots can be cut in a nearby forest

Any of the wooden fences consists of spans that rest on support posts. The pillars themselves can also be made of wood - from a bar, logs of small diameter. Also installed are metal pipes or screw supports, as well as reinforced concrete poles. When choosing the type of support, it is necessary to take into account the type of soil: on heaving soils (clay and loam), it can simply be pushed out during winter heaving. Therefore, for such soils, a more powerful base is made by welding reinforcement bars sticking out to the side. So there is a greater chance that the pillars will be in place in the spring. The second option for heaving soils is a tape shallow foundation. It will "walk" in height, but entirely (if the reinforcement is sufficient).

Stone and brick fences

Fences and fences for a brick house are perhaps the most expensive. As mentioned, the material must be chosen high quality, high density and best of all - clinker bricks or very high quality facing. It costs a lot - tens of rubles for one piece. Thousands of pieces will go to the fence. The exact amount depends on the height and length of the fence. And also work: a highly qualified master is required here, because the seams must be even, and the masonry must be ideal: everything is in sight, both the front and back.

Brick fence - reliable and durable

But the price, and even the construction time, are perhaps the only drawbacks. In terms of reliability, he is one of the leaders. In terms of aesthetics, if it is designed in the same style as the house, there are no questions either.Maybe someone is annoyed by the excessive monumentality, but it can be “diluted” with color or texture, and some make “openwork” in the upper or lower part - they move the bricks, leaving holes.

Almost the same can be said about the stone fence. But here you need to understand that a stone fence can be rubble, and its laying is not an easy task, or it can be faced with flagstone - a stone of hard rocks sawn into slabs. This is a completely different structure and only stone decoration, but inside there may be used bricks, cinder blocks, shell rock and other materials. In any case, a stone fence, if done correctly, serves well and looks the same. In terms of reliability, it is not inferior to brick.

Stone fence. This one is definitely made of stone and correctly tied up: there is a little mortar between the stones, and this indicates good quality

There is one more type of stone fence, but it must be called stone-metal. A grid is made from a rod, into which boulders are poured. It turns out a very reliable fence, which can not be knocked down by any bulldozer.

Stone fence, built according to the "dry" technology - without mortar - boulders are poured into a grid

Any type of stone or brick fence requires a foundation: the structure is heavy, and the foundation needs a solid one.

Reinforced concrete fences

Construction technology is advancing rapidly. New materials and additives appear almost daily. Thanks to this, reinforced concrete products can have a surface similar to stone, brick and other natural and expensive materials. Concrete fences made of such material are far from the wretched gray slabs they were a few years ago.

This is a concrete fence, although it looks a lot like a stone fence

If you need a reliable, opaque, quickly erected and at the same time inexpensive fence - take a look at concrete fences. When installing them, you can do without a foundation. It will be necessary to set the pillars evenly and well concreted, into the slots of which the slabs are then lowered. If the sections of the fence are not as large as in the photo above, but smaller, you can handle it manually, without special equipment. And such large ones can be lifted by a loader or a winch.

These slabs are smaller. They can be stacked by hand

If concrete is used of good quality, the technology is consistent, then such a structure will stand for several decades. Concrete, unlike other materials, loves moisture and over time it only becomes stronger.

Metal fences

Fences and barriers for a house made of metal can be welded, forged, cast or from a professional sheet. They are manufactured using different technologies, have different costs, but all have a long service life. For normal metal, frost, wind and sun are terrible. Moisture, with good painting, too. Therefore, sometimes people spend a lot of money on forged or cast fences. They look great and last a long time.

Forged and welded fences look beautiful

The disadvantage of forging, casting and a welded metal fence made of a bar can be considered almost complete transparency: they do not protect from wind, dirt and dust, and will not be able to cover from the glances of passers-by. This problem is solved with the help of modern materials: a sheet of opaque or low-transparent polycarbonate is attached to a forged, cast or welded fence. This combination of materials is very harmonious. Polycarbonate, contrary to popular belief, is durable: some types are used for glazing in cans. So they are afraid that nothing will break it. Choose a reinforced structure and it will last for a long time.

Beautiful wrought iron fence with polycarbonate

If you want a cheap fence, it's usually made of profiled sheet... The pillars are installed at a distance of a meter and a half, choosing so that the waste is as small as possible. Crossbars are attached to the posts, and corrugated metal sheets are attached to them.

It looks like the wrong side of the fence made of corrugated board

Coloring can be very different - monochromatic, camouflage, stone, brick, etc. It makes sense to put a fence in the same color as the roof of the house. If the roof is neutral, green is the most popular option. In summer, it merges with the plantings, and in winter it looks good on a white background.

If a solid wall is not very pleasing, you can make a combined fence. For example, a common option: brick posts, between which sheets of corrugated board are installed. The view is quite presentable. Costs, of course, require more, but the view, you see, is much better. Although, everything is a matter of taste.

Profiled sheet between brick pillars - a solid view

Slate

Another economy fence option is from slate. Usually, metal posts are dug in with clips or crossbars welded to them, as is the case with a corrugated board fence. Sheets of slate are attached to them, and any. It can be flat, asbestos wave, asbestos-free or polymer.

To make the slate last longer and look better, it can be painted. This simple operation doubles the service life. Naturally, the coating will need to be monitored - periodically painted. If you don't like the idea of ​​painting the fence and want it not to be gray, look for the already painted sheets. There are some. But they cost 40-50% more. Another option - put polymer slate - based on fiberglass or fiberglass.

Fence made of polymer slate

It is not as rigid as asbestos, it is more flexible, therefore it requires frequent lathing. Under it, guides are welded to the posts with a pitch of 50-60 cm, or the frame is generally welded into a cage with approximately the same distance.

Combined fences

For some reason, the most beautiful fences and barriers for the house are obtained using several materials. Most often, stone or brick pillars are made, and forged elements, wooden or even concrete, are already installed between them. It turns out very well.

Lighting

Solid fences and home fences protect privacy, but also make it impossible to observe what is happening around your yard. If someone calls your gate, you don't know who is there. To correct the situation, surveillance cameras are installed in certain places. They work great during the day, but in the dark without lighting they are useless (except for those that have infrared, but they are expensive). The hope for street lighting is weak, therefore, most often, lanterns are installed on the poles, which are controlled from the dashboard from the house.This, too, should not be forgotten when planning and building a fence: when building poles, it is necessary to lay wires inside that will supply power to the lanterns. It is also necessary to install a separate machine for street lighting on the dashboard.